Hadoop is framework that has set of tools to distrebute and proccess data over clasters.
Main tools are HDFS (HaDoop File System), MapReduce and YARN
Single node Cluser
see Install Hadoop eco system (single mode)
see more at http://incubator.apache.org/
Hive, Pig
Hbase, Cassandra
HCatalog, Lucene, Hama, Crunch
Avro, Thrift
Drill, Mahout
Sqoop, Flume, Chukwa
Ambari, Zookeeper, Oozie
HDT, Konx, Spark